Welcome to Research Studies, please consider becoming involved in some studies and learning more about Educational Technology and Computer Education.
Welcome to the Educational Technology Issues project, researching specific issues in educational technologies. Each year the study questions change, informed by the Educational Technology Trends study, and some questions may then be developed into full multi-part studies.
The research questions currently being explored in this study are:
What are the most significant issues of screen time in schools?
What are the most important issues of mobile devices for schools?
What AI tools are being used in schools? and
What filters should AI tools used in schools be trained with?
The Educational Technology Issues research project incorporates a range of studies, and you are welcome to contribute to the Trend study, and if you do so, you can also participate in the subsequent Confirmation and Changes Studies. The Trend and Changes studies will each take less than an hour of your time over a few months, while the Confirmation study takes only a few minutes at a time, and occurs at the end of each term for the year. The remaining studies draw upon other sources of data to explore Educational Technology Trends and contribute to a wider Meta Study of Educational Technology.
Each study will begin with an exploration of the research literature followed by a study exploring the research question and drawing upon your expertise in the field, followed by extension studies to explore the research question in more detail and verify the findings.
Collectively, each study is part of a project, and the projects develop a systems simulation to model the interactions between various aspects of educational technologies and computer education, culminating in a metastudy simulation of the field.
Sign up to join the studies.
You can use your email which we will keep private, or create a unique contact identifier (UCI) to make things more private.
You 'should' read the invitation to participate and informed consent. These are slightly different for each study, but essentially are the same and say we will keep your details private.
If you want your participation acknowledged, fill in a form with your personal details so we can acknowledge you on the website and in publications.
You can be involved in as many or as few of the projects and studies as you wish. They are designed to take as little of your time as possible.
For this project, the studies aim to answer:
What are the most significant issues of screen time in schools?
What are the most important issues of mobile devices for schools?
What AI tools are being used in schools? and
What filters should AI tools used in schools be trained with?
There are three parts to each study you can be involved in. The first is what is called a Trend Study, where each participant tells us what is happening, and we build a consensus so it is not just individual opinions.
To do this we give you a summary of the research, you come up with ideas and contribute these, and then everyone votes on these ideas by being shown pairs of ideas and choosing between them. Each vote only takes a second, and in 5 minutes you can cast several hundred votes. Collectively, using a whole lot of complex maths, we build a consensus and a ranking of the ideas.
We will then summarise this, show you the ranking, and you have an opportunity to rethink if new ideas should be added, some ideas combined or removed, and then we vote again. This builds the final ranking of ideas.
All up it will not take more than an hour over four months - we spread things out to give everyone time to contribute ideas and cast votes.
You can also sign up to let us know your thoughts on the top 5 of these ideas over the year in a Confirmation Study, confirming if your experience reflects the consensus. At the end of each school term, you will have a very short survey to complete, each taking less than 5 minutes.
Finally, we are using the study to build a computer simulation model so that more complex analyses and predictions can be made, and if you would like to be involved in a Changes Study, at the end of the year you will be asked to describe your experiences with the top 5 ideas, be provided with a simulation you can explore, and then participate in a videoconference focus group discussing how the simulation reflected your experiences.
If you sign up, we will let you know by email when each is occurring, and you can follow the progress of the study on this website if interested.
A lot more happens, but that is the gist of it. I hope you decide to be involved,
Dr Jason Zagami
Participants may be interested in postgraduate studies leading to a Graduate Certificate or coursework Master's Degree, majoring in Educational Technologies. The research questions in this study can be explored in greater detail in the program, which includes courses exploring Researching, Creating and Transforming Educational Technologies. Completion of the research pathway can lead to research higher-degree studies.
Otherwise, if you have completed an honours year as part of your undergraduate studies, or undertaken other advanced postgraduate studies that included a research component, you may be eligible to undertake a Research Master's or Doctoral degree that incorporates, in part, these research projects, studies, and/or methods. PhD students are required to make a unique contribution to human knowledge, and you will need to extend or incorporate new aspects to projects, but there is scope to explore how this can occur during your studies.
If interested in studying through Griffith University, you can make an application for study and are welcome to contact Dr Jason Zagami to discuss your proposal and potential supervision.
The following studies are available for participation:
To participate in the Screen Time Trends Study, you are asked to:
Read the Invitation to Participate in the Trend Study (Screen Time)
Read the Informed Consent for the Trend Study (Screen Time)
(Optional) Complete a Request to Participate Trend Study (Screen Time)
(Optional) Complete an Acknowledgement of participation request
To participate in the Mobile Devices Trends Study, you are asked to:
Read the Invitation to Participate in the Trend Study (Mobile Devices)
Read the Informed Consent for the Trend Study (Mobile Devices)
(Optional) Complete a Request to Participate Trend Study (Mobile Devices)
(Optional) Complete an Acknowledgement of participation request
To participate in the AI Tools Trends Study, you are asked to:
Read the Invitation to Participate in the Trend Study (AI Tools)
Read the Informed Consent for the Trend Study (AI Tools)
(Optional) Complete a Request to Participate Trend Study (AI Tools)
(Optional) Complete an Acknowledgement of participation request
To participate in the AI Filters Study, you are asked to:
Read the Invitation to Participate in the Trend Study (AI Filters)
Read the Informed Consent for the Trend Study (AI Filters)
(Optional) Complete a Request to Participate Trend Study (AI Filters)
(Optional) Complete an Acknowledgement of participation request
To participate in a Confirmation Study, you must be participating in the Trend Study, and are asked to:
Read the Invitation to Participate in the Confirmation Study
Read the Informed Consent for Confirmation Study
Complete Request to Participate in the Confirmation Study
(Optional) Complete an Acknowledgement of participation request
To participate in a Changes Study, you must have participated in the Trend Study, and are asked to:
Read the Invitation to Participate in the Changes Study
Read the Informed Consent for Changes Study
Complete a Request to Participate in the Changes Study
(Optional) Complete an Acknowledgement of participation request
Researchers and PhD students are welcome to request to join the research project team. You are asked to familiarise yourself with the Theoretical Perspective and Methodology used in the project, and you will be expected to contribute a profile of yourself to the Researcher Model (You may also wish to conduct a Self Study of your involvement in the project). You can then select which of the models you wish to contribute to and the associated studies that you will be involved in.
Coordinating and writing meetings are organised by each project team, with intensive writing periods generally occurring in June/July and December/January periods depending on the particular studies.
Request to join the project team
Project team members (Restricted Access)
Study Participants in the Trend Study (Restricted Access)
Screen Time Survey 1
Screen Time Survey 2
Mobile Devices Survey 2
AI Tools Survey 2
AI Filters survey 2
Study Participants in the Confirmation Study (Screen Time) (Restricted Access)
Confirmation Study Survey (Screen Time) (Responses) (Restricted Access)
Study Participants in the Confirmation Study (Mobile Devices) (Restricted Access)
Confirmation Study Survey (Mobile Devices) (Responses) (Restricted Access)
Study Participants in the Confirmation Study (AI Tools) (Restricted Access)
Confirmation Study Survey (AI Tools) (Responses) (Restricted Access)
Study Participants in the Confirmation Study (AI Filters) (Restricted Access)
Confirmation Study Survey (AI Filters) (Responses) (Restricted Access)
Study Participants in the Changes Study (Screen Time) (Restricted Access)
Case Study Survey (Screen Time) (Responses) (Restricted Access)
Study Participants in the Changes Study (Mobile Devices) (Restricted Access)
Case Study Survey (Mobile Devices) (Responses) (Restricted Access)
Study Participants in the Changes Study (AI Tools) (Restricted Access)
Case Study Survey (AI Tools) (Responses) (Restricted Access)
Study Participants in the Changes Study (AI Filters) (Restricted Access)
Case Study Survey (AI Filters) (Responses) (Restricted Access)
Researchers agree to abide by the Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research and make a significant intellectual or scholarly contribution to the research and its output and agree to be listed as an author.
Researchers to be listed as authors in research outputs will be expected to contribute to the:
analysis or interpretation of research data; and
drafting significant parts of the research output and assisting in the critical revision of team member contributions.
The order of authorship will reflect the relative contribution of the researchers who collaborated on the project and research output, determined by team members in an anonymous conjoint pair ranking process.
Researchers agree to treat fellow researchers and others involved in the research fairly and with respect, raising any concerns or conflicts of interest, and clearly informing team members of intentions in regular team meetings.
Any disputes within the project team should be resolved by the team where possible, but agree to follow the formal Griffith University institutional processes to resolve disputes if necessary, including mediation.
All Research Studies projects comply with the Australian National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research. You should only provide your consent to participate in a study when fully informed of what the study involves.
Where data matching is required, e.g. from multiple surveys, only the minimum information that is needed to identify you is collected using a unique contact identifier (UCI) to minimise the risk that this information is associated with you.
In some studies, you may elect to be identified as a participant in the study on the project website and/or in publications, but this is never a requirement. Identifying information is otherwise deleted when no longer required, and all other research data is deidentified and made available in open data repositories for reuse.
This research is being led by:
Dr Jason Zagami (Griffith University) 0755528454 j.zagami@griffith.edu.au
who can answer any questions you have about the studies.
Each study involves a different research process, described in the study's invitation and informed consent, and you should only complete a request to participate in a study (or participate anonymously) once you are fully informed of what is involved in the study.
Invitation to Participate in the Trend Study (Screen Time)
Informed Consent for the Trend Study (Screen Time) GU Ref No: 2023/44
Invitation to Participate in the Trend Study (Mobile Devices)
Informed Consent for the Trend Study (Mobile Devices) GU Ref No: 2023/44
Invitation to Participate in the Trend Study (AI Tools)
Informed Consent for the Trend Study (AI Tools) GU Ref No: 2023/44
Invitation to Participate in the Trend Study (AI Filters)
Informed Consent for the Trend Study (AI Filters) GU Ref No: 2023/44
Invitation to Participate in the Confirmation Study
Informed Consent for Confirmation Study GU Ref No: 2023/45
Invitation to Participate in the Changes Study
Informed Consent for Changes Study GU Ref No: 2023/43
You can request to participate in the above "Request to Participate"
Each study is conducted in accordance with the Griffith University Research Integrity framework and all studies involving participants have been approved by the Griffith University Human Research Ethics Committee.
If you have any concerns or complaints about the ethical conduct of the research project, you should contact the Manager, Research Ethics (07) 37354375 or research-ethics@griffith.edu.au
By January, researchers in any of the project studies are expected to have completed a profile for inclusion in the Researcher Model that will contribute to the Metastudy research.
Researchers are welcome to use the Self Study framework to document their participation in the project and independently publish a study on their reflective practice, or researcher experiences may be aggregated by researchers to publish collective reflective studies exploring a team's participation in individual studies. Researchers should share with the project team their intentions to publish and Self Study outputs.
In February, researchers in the Trend Study will revise the Systematic Literature Review of the Domain Model and highlight research publication trends that will assist participants in the Trends Study.
A Systematic Literature Review will be submitted to a journal as a revision of the study's Systematic Literature Review for academic review in March, with feedback expected in May (review comments (3 months)) with publication in August (6 Months).
In March, researchers in the Trend Study will monitor participant suggestions in the Screen Time Survey 1, Mobile Devices Survey 1, AI Tools Survey 1 and AI Filters survey 1, review contributions, remove duplicates, combine similar alternatives, and remove inappropriate alternatives. Researchers will commence refining the Expert Model.
In April, participants will complete the Conjoint Round 1, choosing between alternatives and generating a ranked list. Researchers will review the lists in Screen Time Survey 1, Mobile Devices Survey 1, AI Tools Survey 1 and AI Filters survey 1 and revise a clarification guide for the alternatives that may not be clear to assist participants in completing Alternatives Survey 2. Researchers will commence refining the Influence Model.
In May, researchers will monitor participant review of the initial ranking using the clarification guide and as participants suggest new alternatives, combine alternatives, or revise wordings in Screen Time Survey 2, Mobile Devices Survey 2, AI Tools Survey 2 or AI Filters survey 2. Researchers will finalise the Expert Model.
In June, participants will complete Conjoint Round 2, Screen Time Survey 2, Mobile Devices Survey 2, AI Tools Survey 2 or AI Filters survey 2 which will generate the final rankings. Researchers will finalise the Influence Model and collaboratively develop an academic paper on the trends identified to answer the project research questions. Team members will be allocated sections to be completed by Late June.
In July, researchers will review each other's section drafts by Mid July, with final edits completed by Late July.
The Trend Study will be submitted to a journal for academic review in August, with feedback expected in October (review comments (3 months)) with publication in January (6 Months).
In June, researchers in the Confirmation Study will monitor responses from Term 2 in the confirmation survey, with sections allocated (Technologies, Challenges, Impacts).
Confirmation Study Survey (Responses) (Restricted Access)
In October, researchers in the Confirmation Study will monitor responses from Term 3 in the confirmation survey. Researchers will commence drafts of their allocated section.
In Early December, researchers in the Confirmation Study will finalise responses from the confirmation surveys. Researchers will share their drafts.
By Mid December, researchers will combine their sections to produce an Influence Model, and be allocated section drafts to complete for an academic paper on the Influence Model with drafts completed by Late December.
By Mid January, researchers will have reviewed each other's section drafts, with final edits completed by Late January.
The Confirmation Study will be submitted to a journal for academic review in January, with feedback expected in April (review comments (3 months)) with publication in June (6 Months).
In August, researchers in the Overview Study will meet and develop a connection circle and causal relationships from the Expert and Influence Models, and team members will be allocated sections of the SEM model to categorise and associate causal relationships.
By Mid August, researchers will combine their sections of the SEM to produce an Interaction Model, and be allocated section drafts to complete for an academic paper on the Interaction Model with drafts completed by Late August.
By Mid September, researchers will have reviewed each other's section drafts, with final edits completed by Late September.
The Overview Study will be submitted to a journal for academic review in October, with feedback expected in December (review comments (3 months)) with publication in March (6 Months).
In September, researchers in the Simulation Study will refine a simulation from the Interaction Model, and explore a range of simulations of the project research questions using the Process Model.
Researchers will be allocated sections of the simulation to refine and conduct localised simulations to be completed and added to the full simulation model by Mid September, with full model simulations completed by Late September. The team will collaboratively complete section drafts of an academic paper on how the simulation explores the project research questions by Early October, with section allocations as agreed to in team meetings.
By Mid October, researchers will have reviewed each other's section drafts, with final edits completed by Late October.
The Simulation Study will be submitted to a journal for academic review in September, with feedback expected in January (review comments (3 months)) with publication in April (6 Months).
In October, researchers in the Changes Study will be allocated participants, supporting them to develop their change narratives.
Case Study Survey (Responses) (Restricted Access)
In November, researchers conduct online video conference focus groups to clarify their narrative survey responses describing the changes they have experienced and how well the simulation model reflected these experiences. Teams or Zoom will be used for interviews with transcription to Nvivo for analysis.
Trend Study Simulation (Educational Technology Trends)
Study Participants in the Changes Study (Restricted Access)
In Early December, researchers will collaboratively combine the change cases using the Most Significant Change process and be allocated sections to draft in the Change Model.
By Mid December, researchers will have reviewed each other's section drafts, with final edits to a Change Model completed by Late December.
The Changes Study will be submitted for academic review in January, with feedback expected in March (review comments (3 months)) with publication in June (6 Months).
In Early January, researchers in the Validation Study will explore the effectiveness of the Process Model simulation to replicate the results of the Change Model, with changes allocated, simulations completed and compared, and drafts shared by Mid January with final edits completed to a Validation Model by Late January.
The Validation Study will be submitted for academic review in February, with feedback expected in April (review comments (3 months)) with publication in July (6 Months).
In February, researchers in the Meta Study will meet to combine the Process Models, informed by Validation Models, of a range of studies to refine a dynamic simulation model of the field into a Meta Study Model.
The Metastudy research team will coordinate a range of simulation explorations of the field using the Meta Study Model and allocate team members to develop studies, with drafts of these studies completed and shared by Late May.
In June, researchers will meet again to combine individual studies into an edited publication or field study, with sections allocated for completion and sharing by Late July and final edits by Late August.
The Metastudy will be submitted for academic review in September, with feedback expected in December (review comments (3 months)) with publication in March (6 Months).
Each study is expected to take no more than 25 minutes of your time.
Participants in a Trend Study will be invited in February.
In March, you will be asked to briefly examine the research on the study questions and suggest alternatives to the Screen Time Survey 1, Mobile Devices Survey 1, AI Tools Survey 1 or AI Filters survey 1. (10 minutes)
In April, you will be asked to choose between alternatives in the Screen Time Survey 1, Mobile Devices Survey 1, AI Tools Survey 1 or AI Filters survey 1. (5 minutes)
In May, you will be provided with the initial ranking and clarification guide; and asked to suggest new alternatives, combine alternatives, or revise their wording in Screen Time Survey 2, Mobile Devices Survey 2, AI Tools Survey 2 or AI Filters survey 2. (5 minutes)
In June, you will be asked to choose between alternatives in the Screen Time Survey 2, Mobile Devices Survey 2, AI Tools Survey 2 or AI Filters survey 2. which will generate the final rankings. (5 minutes)
In July, you will be provided with the final rankings from each survey and asked if you wish to be acknowledged as a contributor to the study.
The Trends Study will be submitted for academic review in August, with publication expected in January.
You must be participating in the Trend Study.
The study is expected to take no more than 15 minutes of your time.
Participants in the Confirmation Study will be invited in February.
In July, you will be asked to complete the Term 2 Confirmation survey on which of the top five Screen Time, Mobile Devices, AI Tools or AI Filters identified in the Trend survey, you have seen in evidence the most in Term 2. Multiple choice questions based on Trend Study.
In October, you will be asked to complete the Term 3 Confirmation survey on which of the top five Screen Time, Mobile Devices, AI Tools or AI Filters identified in the Trend survey, you have seen in evidence the most in Term 3. Multiple choice questions based on Trend Study.
(5 minutes)
In December, you will be asked to complete the Term 4 Confirmation survey which of the top five Screen Time, Mobile Devices, AI Tools or AI Filters identified in the Trend survey, you have seen in evidence the most in Term 4. Multiple choice questions based on Trend Study.
(5 minutes)
The Confirmation Study will be submitted for academic review in January, with publication expected in June.
You must have participated in the Trend Study.
The study is expected to take no more than an hour of your time.
Participants in the Changes Study will be invited in September.
In October, you will be asked to complete a Case Study Survey of questions to generate a change case. (20 minutes);
You will then be provided with access to an Online Simulation to compare with your experiences. (20 minutes);
In November, you will be asked to participate in an online focus group to clarify elements of your change case. (20minutes) and asked if you wish to be acknowledged as a contributor to the study and have your name and affiliation listed with your case study.
The Changes Study will be submitted for academic review in January, with publication expected in June.
The study is a post-positivist exploration of the field of education with a focus on the application of technology to teaching and learning processes.
Accepting that the theories, hypotheses, background knowledge, and researchers' values will influence what is observed, the study pursues objectivity by recognising the effects of such biases and uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to mitigate bias and improve the validity of research outcomes.
Ontologically, reality exists, but our understanding of it is imperfect and socially constructed.
Axiologically, while bias is undesirable, it is also inevitable, and mitigation is required, but this in itself will be influenced by the values and beliefs held by researchers.
(Optional) To stay informed of project calls to participate, recommendations, workshops, symposiums, presentations and publications, subscribe to the Educational Technology Issues project newsletter with your Unique Contact Identifier (UCI) to maintain your anonymity. No more than one email a month.
Overall Research Studies project posts will be made to the Research Projects Facebook and LinkedIn groups.
The project incorporates ten methods of research inquiry (Self Study, Systematic Literature Review, Delphi Study, Confidence Intervals, Social-Ecological Modelling, Simulation Study, Case Study, Most Significant Change, Validation Study, and Mixed Method) that contribute to a metastudy that draws from the ten research projects.
Participants can contribute to the Trends, Confirmation and Changes studies. The Trends study uses a modified Delphi consensus research method to provide agreed insight on the issues impacting education and those likely to impact education. Online surveys are used to identify alternatives that are ranked using a conjoint pair method, each over two rounds of the typical Delphi study method.
The Confirmation study uses multiple surveys to repeatedly rank the top five responses of educators in their practice over the year with confidence intervals used to compare means and identify significant differences.
The Trends study contributes to a systems simulation methodology identifying actors and their properties in an Expert Model and providing initial weightings for the influence of these properties on other actors.
The Confirmation study samples key actors, and confirms the accuracy of the weightings applied to influence attributes for actors in an Influence Model.
The Overview study categorises the relationships between actors in the Expert and Influence model into a Social Ecological Model, which is then developed into systems simulations expressed as a Process Model.
The Changes study uses Case Study and the Most Significant Change methods to explore in more detail the changes experienced by participants, developed through a survey with results incorporated into a Simulation model, and the model is used to conduct trials to simulate the changes experienced by participants. Participant experiences are then compared with the model and discussed in focus groups to improve the model, which is validated in a Model Validation study.
The models developed in each of the ten research studies projects are finally combined into a Metamodel detailing aspects of the field of educational technologies and computer education.
The Educational Technologies Issues project explores new issues each year with their selection made by the project team in November of the previous year, informed by Educational Technologies Trends studies. Study requests from researchers and research students will be considered and should be made to j.zagami@griffith.edu.au.
To better understand a complex research study, self-study or reflective practice research provides a mechanism for analysis of the researchers' theories, hypotheses, background knowledge, experiences and values as the research unfolded and assists in understanding the influence these had on what is observed.
Application of reflective analysis of research practice in Self Study.
A Researcher Model is generated from the Self Study narrative as a template for modelling other researchers as Actors within the Process and Metastudy models and enables the influence of researchers to be incorporated into these models.
A systematic examination of academic literature to establish a Domain Model and Evidence Gap Map. While focusing on white (peer-reviewed research) literature, grey literature (primarily reports) is included where it is deemed significant but is not treated systematically.
A systematic literature review with meta-analysis on reported research from 2000-2022: conducted using PRISMA 2020 framework using The Lens agglomeration database.
Separate reviews are conducted on international literature and Australian-only literature and used to inform participants in the Trend Study of previous studies on trends and assist in the current study.
Systematic Literature Review of the use of AI Tools in schools
Systematic Literature Review of the impact of mobile devices on schools
Systematic Literature Review of the issue of screen time in schools
Systematic Literature Review of AI tool training for use in schools
Overview of the research questions derived from Systematic Literature Review and generated summaries (using Generative Pre-trained Transformer) of identified topics and themes.
Details of evidence derived from peer-reviewed research and reports
Details Evidence Gap Map
Drawing upon the expertise of teachers, researchers, industry and government, a consensus is sought on the factors that influence specific Australian educational technologies issues through the research questions:
What are the most significant issues of screen time in schools?
What are the most important issues of mobile devices for schools?
What AI tools are being used in schools? and
What filters should AI tools used in schools be trained with?
March
In each of the AllOurIdeas surveys: Screen Time Survey 1, Mobile Devices Survey 1, AI Tools Survey 1 or AI Filters survey 1 - click on the view results tab to look at the list of suggested alternatives contributed by other participants, previous studies and the systematic qualitative literature review, and then back on the Cast Votes tab, in the Add your own idea here... field, suggest new alternatives; reword existing; or combining existing alternatives, in the AllOurIdeas surveys in the study: Screen Time, Mobile Devices, AI Tools and AI Filters. Participants should not start choosing between the pairs of alternatives at this stage.
April
Make choices from the presented paired alternatives, providing responses to 30-40 pairs of alternatives for each of the four categories of the study: Screen Time Survey 1, Mobile Devices Survey 1, AI Tools Survey 1 or AI Filters survey 1. Combined with results from other participants, this will provide a consensus ranking of the alternatives.
May
Use the initial ranking results of the Conjoint Round 1, for each of the revised AllOurIdeas surveys: Screen Time Survey 2, Mobile Devices Survey 2, AI Tools Survey 2 or AI Filters survey 2. in this study - clicking on the view results tab to look at the list of suggested alternatives from the first round, and then back on the Cast Votes tab, in the Add your own idea here... field, participants suggest new alternatives; rewording of existing; or combining existing alternatives in the AllOurIdeas surveys in the study: Screen Time, Mobile Devices, AI Tools, and AI Filters. Participants do not start choosing between the pairs of alternatives at this stage.
An Expert Model is generated from experts in Screen Time, Mobile Devices, and AI Tools to identify Actors (aka factors/elements/entities/objects) and Attributes (aka properties/variables) that influence the research questions using online surveys and literature review. [Generated within AllOurIdeas]
June
Make choices from the presented paired alternatives, providing responses to 30-40 pairs of revised alternatives for each of the categories of the study: Screen Time Survey 2, Mobile Devices Survey 2, AI Tools Survey 2 or AI Filters survey 2. Combined with results from other participants, this will provide a refined consensus ranking of the alternatives.
The amount of influence each Actor has on various Attributes is determined from a correlative Influence Model achieved from consensus using a conjoint pair survey. For each actor, a series of pairs of influencing attributes are presented, with participants selecting the more significant influence. Collectively, this results in a consensus rating of attribute influence for each actor. [Generated within AllOurIdeas]
Three Confirmation surveys conducted at the end of each school Term, June, September and December, investigate the accuracy of Trend Study rankings. Each survey ranks the top five responses to the research question over the previous three months. Confidence intervals are used to compare means and identify significant differences.
The amount of influence each Actor has on researched Attributes as determined from consensus is confirmed at three monthly intervals to establish the accuracy of the Trend Study to measure this influence in the short term. The influencing attributes of each actor form an Influence Model of measured ratings of attribute influence for each actor.
Systems research is conducted using the Expert and Influence Models to construct an Interaction Model of causal relationships in Screen Time, Mobile Devices, and AI Tools and categorise these actors and their relationships within a Social-Ecological framework.
Development of a Connection Circle of relationships between the actors identified in the Influence Model and subsequent identification of Causal Relationships (Loops) between actors.
From causal relationships, groupings of actors are derived from those actors with the strongest relationships. Generated as an onion diagram using the Social-Ecological Modelling (SEM) framework, with bands of Actors classified, grouped and clustered within bands.
A dynamic simulation model of changes in Screen Time, Mobile Devices, and AI Tools is developed from previous models to enable a range of scenarios to be explored and better understand the interaction between factors.
A systems model is developed from the Expert, Influence, Interaction and Change models, using the Insight Maker simulation software to create a dynamic simulation of the actors and their influence.
Using the causal relationships of actor attributes generated from connection circles and causal loop diagrams, informed by the larger relationships identified by the Social Ecological Model, a simulation model showing dynamic interactions between actor properties is generated. [Link to Agent-Based Simulation Model in Insight Maker]
Exploring the changes occurring over time in Screen Time, Mobile Devices, and AI Tools, the Process Model simulation is compared to expert experiences of changes in Screen Time, Mobile Devices, and AI Tools. Each round of the study, conducted annually, contributes to a longitudinal data set of educational changes and improvements to the Process Model.
October
Expert participants will be invited to complete a survey [Link to Survey] to contribute narratives on the ranked alternatives identified in the Trend Study and develop cases describing the changes they are experiencing in education. [Change Case narratives]
Descriptive Multiple Case Studies of Change Cases contributed by participants on:
Screen Time;
Mobile Devices; and
AI Tools
Early November
Participants will examine the relationships identified in the Process Model [Link to Process Model simulation in Insight Maker] and the influence each actor has on the attributes of others and contrast their change case with those generated by the Process Model. [Simulations of Change Case narratives]
Late November,
Participants will participate in an online interview to clarify elements of their change case and how it was represented by the simulation. [Schedule of Interviews] [Recording of Interviews] [Transcripts of Interviews] [Transcript Analysis]
The Process Model simulation is validated using a Most Significant Change (MSC) research framework on collected narratives with simulation comparisons and interviews used to compare expert experiences of changes occurring in Screen Time, Mobile Devices, and AI Tools with those generated by the simulation model. Through the hierarchical Most Significant Change process, change cases are grouped and categorised to determine those which are the most significant to Screen Time, Mobile Devices, and AI Tools.
Models produced from various studies are integrated into a larger Meta Model researching the interactions between various aspects of Education Technologies.
The Simulation Model produced by the Metastudy enables a contextualisation of the Screen Time, Mobile Devices, and AI Tools Trends study and a validation process on the predictions from the study over time with the predictions generated from the Metastudy simulation model.
A Metastudy model is developed to simulate field-level interactions of a wide range of actors and attributes. [Link to Agent-Based Simulation Metastudy Model in Insight Maker]
TBA late 2023
TBA late 2023
Annual online symposia in early December to present research findings.
Online Writing Workshops in June/July and December/January to support research team publications.
TBA 2023
TBA 2024
TBA 2024